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Zimbabwe

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ZIMBABWE is a landlocked country in southern Africa. Bounded to the west by Zambia and Botswana, to the north and east by Mozambique, and to the south by South Africa, Zimbabwe is a country with spectacular physical features, teeming with wildlife.

It is bordered in the north by the River Zambezi, which flows over the wide Victoria Falls before entering Lake Kariba. In the south, the River Limpopo marks its border with South Africa.

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Most of the country is over 300 meters or 984 feet above sea level, and a high plateau between 1,200-1,500 meters or 3,937-4,922 feet in height occupies the central area.

Large granite outcrops, called kopjes, also dot the landscape. Only one-third of the population lives in towns and cities, the largest of which is Harare. The climate is tropical in the lowlands and subtropical in the higher land.

About 75 percent of the workforce is employed in agriculture. Tobacco, sugar cane, cotton, wheat, and maize are exported and form the processing industries.

Zimbabwe is rich in mineral resources such as coal, chromium, nickel, gold, platinum, precious metals, and mining accounts for around 30 percent of foreign revenue. Tourism can be a significant growth industry as Zimbabwe has many tourist attractions, such as the Victoria Falls and Great Zimbabwe – the ruins of a settlement that flourished during the 13th and 15th centuries and was the work of a Shona-Karanga society – and several wildlife parks.

However, there has been ongoing dissatisfaction within the country at the very high inflation rate, and the economy has declined rather than prospered.

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Zimbabwe is landlocked. The country’s high plateau, an area of grass and woodlands known as the Highveld, ranges in width between 80 to 160 kilometers (50 and 100 miles) and extends across the country’s center from northeast to southwest for 643 kilometers (400 miles). It slopes gently downward from the central upland region through a Middleveld part to considerably lower plains areas—the Lowveld—near its borders. The highest elevations are in the east, near the border with Mozambique.

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The average flow rate over Victoria Falls is 1,090 cubic meters per second (38,000 cubic feet per second).

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