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Tajikistan

Driving Directions Tajikistan

TAJIKISTAN is a republic of the former USSR, which declared itself | independent in 1991. China bounds this central Asian country in the east, Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, and Kyrgyzstan to the north. It also includes the autonomous region of Gorno-Badakh Shan.

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The southeast is occupied by the Pamir Mountains, whose snow-capped peaks dominate the country. More than half the country lies over 3,000 meters or 9,840 feet. Pastoral farming of cattle, sheep, horses, and goats is essential. Some yaks are kept in the higher regions.

The lowland areas watered so that cotton, mulberry I trees, fruit, wheat, and vegetables can be grown. The Amudarya river is used to produce hydroelectric power for industries such as cotton and silk processing. The republic is rich in coal, lead, zinc, oil, and uranium, which were previously exploited.

There has been a continuing civil war in which tens of thousands of people have been killed or made homeless.

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Tajikistan is the smallest nation in Central Asia. Mountains dominate its landscape, with the Pamirs in the south (including some of the world’s highest peaks) and the Trans Alai range in the north. Tajikistan’s mountainous terrain is also notable for its many glacier-fed rivers. The massive Fedchenko Glacier, covering more than 700 square kilometers (270 square miles), is the world’s largest glacier outside of the polar regions.

Elevations in the northwest and southwest Tajikistan are generally lower than in the rest of the country. The most notable lowland feature is the fertile Fergana Valley in the far north, whose soils of rich river deposits make the valley ideal for agriculture.

Tajikistan is on the Eurasian Tectonic Plate, not far north of its border with the Indian Tectonic Plate. It lies on a seismic belt that is active throughout southeastern Central Asia. Earthquakes are common and can be devastating.

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