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The Carter Doctrine declared the U.S. commitment to defending Persian Gulf oil supplies, using military force if necessary, following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. For a detailed description, click on the article title.
The Cold War was a tense ideological and geopolitical struggle between the U.S. and the Soviet Union from 1945 to 1991, marked by proxy wars, an arms race, and global influence. For a detailed description, click on the article title.
The Colombo Plan, established in 1951, promotes economic and social development in Asia and the Pacific. With 27 member nations, it focuses on regional cooperation, technical assistance, and capacity building. For a detailed description, click on the article title.
The Community of Democracies (CD), established in 2000, promotes and upholds democratic principles through cooperation among its member states. It focuses on free elections, the rule of law, and civil society empowerment. For a detailed description, click on the article title.