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The Euphrates River, a 2,800-km lifeline, shaped ancient Mesopotamia and sustains millions amid modern challenges. For a detailed description, click on the article title.
The Fertile Crescent, a 500,000-sq-km arc from Iraq to Jordan, launched agriculture 10,000 years ago, shaping civilization. For a detailed description, click on the article title.
A region in southwest Asia between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers was the location of some of the earliest civilizations in the world. Part of the cultural hearth is known as the fertile crescent.v